Affordable Belly Dancing Costumes: A Comprehensive Guide
Intro
Belly dancing, with its rich history and vibrant movements, has captivated audiences for centuries. As dancers twirl and sway, their costumes play a pivotal role in enhancing their performance and embodying the art's cultural heritage. However, finding the right costume that doesn't break the bank can be quite a task. This article aims to explore a variety of affordable belly dancing costumes, helping enthusiasts dress stylishly while maintaining a budget.
In the world of dance, particularly belly dancing, the costume isn't just an accessory; itâs integral to the performance. The flowing fabrics, intricate patterns, and sparkling embellishments all contribute to the story a dancer tells. But letâs face it, high-quality costumes often come with a hefty price tag. That shouldn't deter anyone who wants to express themselves through dance. Therefore, understanding what to look for in affordable options is crucial.
From materials that are budget-friendly yet flattering to personalized touches that make an outfit unique, weâll delve into various aspects that can help dancers choose wisely. Additionally, we will touch on the cultural significance of these costumes, making sure the essence of belly dancing remains intact even when pursuing cost-effective alternatives.
This guide will furnish you with knowledge about:
- The latest fashion trends in belly dancing costumes
- Essential wardrobe pieces every dancer should consider
- Tips on personalization to stand out on the dance floor
- Maintenance strategies to keep costumes looking fresh and new
Through this exploration, we also aim to empower dancers to embrace their individuality and dance with confidence, no matter their budget.
Prelims to Belly Dancing Costumes
Belly dancing, with its fluid movements and expressive artistry, is not just a dance form; it is a celebration of culture and femininity. Central to this ancient practice is the costume that dancers wear. Costumes are more than just fabric; they tell a story, reflect individuality, and enhance performance. This article focuses on affordable options that don't compromise on style, allowing enthusiasts to embrace this captivating art form without breaking the bank.
Understanding the Role of Costumes in Belly Dancing
Costumes play a pivotal role in belly dancing. They serve multiple purposes: they accentuate movements, enhance the visual experience, and often, reflect cultural heritage. Dancers adorn themselves with intricate designs and vibrant colors, helping to create a captivating spectacle. The jingles of coins, the sway of layered skirts, and the sparkle of embellishments all work together to amplify the dancer's performance. Itâs as if the costume becomes an extension of the dancer, a visual representation of her spirit.
In many cultures, the costume also symbolizes fertility, femininity, and the celebration of life. Many traditional outfits are meticulously crafted to convey these deep-seated beliefs. Whether itâs the ornate beadwork on a bra top or the flow of a skirt, each piece is chosen for its aesthetic appeal and its ability to connect the dancer to her roots and audience.
The Appeal of Affordable Options
When it comes to belly dancing costumes, affordability doesnât mean a lack of creativity. In fact, affordable costumes can be just as stunning and expressive. Many dancers turn to budget-friendly options out of necessity, but what often emerges is innovation and personal flair. It encourages them to think outside the box and personalize their outfits.
Affordable costumes can often be found in surprising places. Thrift stores can offer unique finds that can be tweaked to fit an individual style. Online marketplaces abound with affordable choices, catering to different tastes and budgets. This shift toward cost-effective options also promotes sustainability, as repurposing and recycling costumes allows dancers to contribute to a less wasteful world.
Types of Belly Dancing Costumes
Belly dancing is not just about the rhythm and the moves; the costumes play a vital role in the overall experience. Understanding the different types of belly dancing costumes available is essential for dancers at any level, particularly when budget is a consideration. A wide variety of costumes, from the traditional to the modern, can shape how dancers express themselves in this art form. Each type carries its own significance, aesthetics, and functionality, making the choice of costume not just a practical one but also a means of personal expression.
Traditional vs. Modern Styles
Traditional styles of belly dancing costumes often reflect cultural heritage and hold specific meanings in their designs. For instance, costumess from the Middle East are usually adorned with intricate beading, sheer fabrics, and bold colors to enhance the dancer's movements. On the other hand, modern styles tend to lean towards versatility and comfort, often incorporating innovative materials and designs that are easier for a contemporary audience to wear. The main benefit of traditional styles is their authenticity, which can seemingly transport both the dancer and the audience to another time and place. However, modern styles offer a practical edge, emphasizing adaptability for various performances while still maintaining the fundamental essence of belly dancing.
Variations by Cultural Influence
Costumes in belly dancing can vary greatly by cultural influences. For example, Egyptian styles often feature luxurious fabrics and elaborate embellishments like coins and sequins that jingling adds a beautiful auditory dimension to a performance. In contrast, Turkish styles might focus on vibrant colors and flowing fabrics that accentuate movement. Each culture brings something unique to the table, making it essential for dancers to understand what resonates with them and their own practices. This understanding can steer dancers toward costumes that align with their personal narratives and cultural inspirations.
Top Costume Elements to Look For
In selecting an affordable belly dancing costume, several key elements warrant attention. Below, we'll delve into specific costume components that can elevate a dancerâs attire while being mindful of budget considerations.
Bra tops
Bra tops are a fundamental element of belly dancing costumes and serve as a focal point of the overall outfit. They come in various styles, from simple to intricately decorated designs. A significant characteristic of bra tops is their ability to accentuate the upper body, enabling freedom in movement. Many dancers choose embellished styles, where beads and sequins play a key role in highlighting the costume's beauty during performances. However, when opting for cheaper options, itâs crucial to ensure they provide proper support and comfort, as this affects performance quality. A bra top can be a reliable investment if it combines aesthetics and functionality, giving dancers the confidence to shine on stage.
Belly bands
Belly bands are another important component, often worn around the midsection. Their primary role is to help emphasize hip movements, a crucial part of belly dancing. A well-designed belly band can enhance a dancerâs visual appeal while also serving practical needs. Most belly bands tend to incorporate elastic materials, allowing for flexibility and the ease of movement. When looking for affordable options, choose bands that offer adjustable sizing. While they can be an affordable accessory, keep in mind that not all bands provide the same level of comfort and fit, which can impact how a dancer performs in their routine.
Skirts
Skirts are typically characterized by their flowing designs, adding an element of grace when a dancer moves. Many skirts come in varied lengthsâsome are floor-length, while others may be knee-length, offering diverse styling. A popular choice for affordable skirts is those made from lighter materials like chiffon, which provide movement without compromising comfort. While less expensive skirts may not have intricate embroidery, the vast options available ensure that dancers can still find visually appealing alternatives that suit their specific style. On the downside, lighter fabrics may require more attentive care, however, the right skirt can indeed transform a dancer's performance into a captivating visual spectacle.
Accessories
Accessories play a crucial role in personalizing a belly dance costume, allowing dancers to showcase their individuality. From hip scarves to elaborate headpieces, the right accessories can greatly enhance an outfit. Many dancers favor affordable options that include a mix of functional and decorative pieces, such as coins or beads, which can catch the light beautifully while moving. The unique aspect of accessories lies in their ability to be mixed and matched, experimenting with different looks without breaking the bank. Yet, it is essential to choose pieces that do not hinder performance; after all, itâs about feeling as good as you look on stage.
Ultimately, every type of costume componentâbe it bra tops, belly bands, skirts, or accessoriesâholds the power to elevate a performance. Being mindful of these elements ensures that dancers not only adhere to their budget but also shine in their individuality.
Choosing Affordable Costumes
When it comes to belly dancing, your costume is more than just a fancy outfit. It's a statement of personal style and an expression of culture. Selecting affordable costumes helps dancers save money while still looking their absolute best. Affordable doesn't mean you have to sacrifice quality or aesthetics; rather, it's about making informed choices that align with your budget. This section will discuss the essential elements to consider when searching for a costume thatâs both economical and visually appealing.
Fabric Considerations
Cotton
Cotton is known for its breathability and comfort. This natural fiber is a beloved option for many reasons. For one, cotton absorbs moisture well, keeping dancers feeling fresh during extended practice sessions. Moreover, its softness against the skin can hardly be beaten, making it an obvious choice for those who prioritize comfort.
In the realm of belly dancing, cotton's durability also comes into play. While it may not have the glitzy allure of other materials, its versatility means that it can be dressed up or down. You can find cotton skirts and tops adorned with intricate designs and vibrant prints, offering a beautiful look without breaking the bank. However, one downside is that cotton may not be as sturdy as synthetic fabrics in the long-term wear department, so consider this aspect when making your choice.
Satin
Satin has an undeniable allure and sheen that adds a touch of elegance to any outfit. Known for its smooth texture, it flows beautifully with the body, making every movement a visual delight. Satin is often associated with glamour and sophistication; therefore, it plays a significant role in modern belly dance costumes. Dancers often gravitate towards satin for performance attire due to its shiny finish that catches the light just so, making it ideal for shows.
However, itâs essential to note that while satin looks fantastic, itâs not the most forgiving fabric regarding comfort. Depending on the type of satin chosen, it can be quite slippery, leading to costume malfunctions on stage. Additionally, it may not breathe as well as cotton, so ventilation is something to keep in mind during those heated performances.
Sequined fabrics
When you want to add some sparkle to your routine, sequined fabrics can do just the trick. These fabrics generally consist of a base material that is covered in little shiny discs, reflecting light beautifully as you move. The eye-catching nature of sequined fabrics makes them popular for performances, drawing attention and enhancing the visual spectacle of dance.
While they can elevate an outfit significantly, there are a few considerations. Sequined fabrics often require careful handling, as the sequins can easily snag or fall off. Moreover, they may not be as comfortable for prolonged wear due to their weight and tendency to scratch the skin. Still, when crafted well, a sequined garment can be worth every penny if you know youâll wear it frequently.
Finding the Right Fit
Finding a belly dance costume that fits well can make or break your experience. A proper fit not only boosts confidence while dancing but also ensures maximum mobility and comfort. Whether choosing a snug bodice or a flowing skirt, consider sizing carefully. Most retailers provide sizing charts; taking measurements beforehand can also aid in finding the ideal size. Additionally, opting for adjustable pieces, like those with ties or drawstrings, can provide the flexibility needed for different body types.
One should also keep in mind that fit can be influenced by the choice of material. For instance, stretchy fabrics might offer a more forgiving fit, while stiffer materials may require exact measurements. Trying items on when possible is always invaluable; otherwise, opting for sellers with good return policies can offer peace of mind.
Understanding Cost vs. Quality
Itâs easy to get caught in the cost trap, but understanding the balance between cost and quality is crucial. Just because something is expensive doesnât mean it's the best option. Similarly, ultra-cheap costumes might have pitfalls, like poorly stitched seams or fading colors after washings. Itâs essential to consider garment quality alongside price.
Investing slightly more in higher-quality materials can actually save money in the long run, as it could mean fewer replacements or repairs. Look for indicators of quality, such as stitching, fabric weight, and overall construction. Reading customer reviews can provide insight into the durability and satisfaction of previous buyers. Ultimately, the aim is to find that sweet spot where costing meets longevity, delivering an affordable yet high-quality costume that enhances your belly dancing journey.
Where to Buy Affordable Belly Dancing Costumes
Finding the right place to purchase affordable belly dancing costumes is crucial for anyone who wants to express themselves through this unique dance form without breaking the bank. When considering where to buy, several factors come into play. Important elements include the variety of styles available, the quality of the garments, and the price points offered. Moreover, supporting local or second-hand shops can lead to discovering hidden gems, while online retailers may provide convenience and broader selections.
The landscape of belly dance costumes has transformed over time, and how you decide to shop can reflect your personal style as well as your budget. With attention to detail, let's break down the various options available for buying these costumes.
Online Retailers
Shopping online is often the first port of call for many looking for affordable belly dancing costumes. Websites like Amazon, eBay, and Etsy host an array of vendors selling diverse options suited to any dancer's taste. The perks? Most online shops regularly offer discounts, sales, and seasonal promotions. In addition, you can stumble upon rare finds from independent creators who specialize in unique designs.
When browsing, keep these tips in mind:
- Read reviews: They can be a goldmine for information on quality and fit.
- Check return policies: Costumes may look great online but might not translate to the same experience in person.
- Search for local stores online: Many shops offer online ordering with in-store pickup, allowing you to browse without the hassle of shipping delays.
While convenience is a substantial advantage, remember to account for shipping costs and times before making your final decision.
Local Costume Shops
Local costume shops often present a curated selection of belly dancing costumes, typically catering to the communityâs needs. Visiting a shop physically lets you try before you buy, ensuring a proper fit and a chance to admire the craftsmanship firsthand. It also fosters connections with shop owners who may have valuable insight into local dance classes or events.
Whether itâs a bustling shop in a artsy neighborhood or a small boutique tucked away in a mall, engaging with local vendors can sometimes yield surprises. Some shops even offer alterations, perfect for customizing details like skirt length or embellishments. Consider asking the staff for recommendationsâthey often have a wealth of knowledge about the best styles for different dance forms.
Thrift Stores and Second-Hand Options
Thrift stores and second-hand shops may appear as unlikely sources, but they harbor untold treasures for budget-conscious dancers. Digging through racks can lead to discovering authentic vintage costumes or unique items that simply canât be found in contemporary stores. Plus, the thrill of the hunt often makes for a rewarding shopping experience.
- Be patient: The stock can vary widely, and sometimes you have to sift through a lot to find a gem.
- Watch for sales days: Many thrift stores have periodic sales where items can be significantly discounted.
- Think outside the box: A stunning skirt from a different dance style might just fit the bill with some creative pairing.
The environmental impact also merits consideration; buying second-hand is a sustainable choice that promotes recycling and diminishes waste. Furthermore, you might just find that one-of-a-kind piece that adds flair to your performance wardrobe, making the dance all the more personal.
Personalizing Your Belly Dance Costume
Personalizing a belly dance costume is one of the most delightful aspects of preparing for a performance or class. Unlike standardized outfits, a personalized costume speaks volumes about the dancer's individuality and artistic expression. When dancers tailor their costumes, they create a unique visual narrative that resonates with personal stories or cultural heritage.
Understanding the importance of personalization can enhance both the aesthetic appeal and the emotional connection to the dance. Therefore, let's delve into the various ways dancers can imbue their costumes with distinctive character.
Adding Unique Accessories
Accessories can make or break an outfit, and belly dancing is no exception. From ornate jewelry to vibrant belts, these elements can truly elevate a costume from ordinary to extraordinary. Consider adding items like handmade coin belts for that jingling sound, or bold earrings that catch the light with every move. Here are a few accessory ideas:
- Layered Necklaces: Long, flowing chains can create beautiful lines as you dance.
- Wrist Cuffs: These not only add flair but can also be designed with culturally significant symbols.
- Headpieces: A feathered or bejeweled headpiece can complement the overall look and enhance engagement.
When choosing accessories, think about their weight and movement. They should complement your dancing rather than hinder it. Ultimately, accessories help transform a costume into a personal statement of style.
Dyeing and Altering Fabrics
Another way to personalize a belly dance costume is by dyeing and altering the fabrics. This process allows you to dictate the colors and patterns, ensuring the outfit reflects your personality. For instance, if you prefer earthy tones, you could dye a bright costume with natural dyes or use fabric paints to create unique designs.
Here are a few factors to consider:
- Fabric Type: Different materials hold dye differently, so opt for those that absorb color well, like cotton.
- Techniques: Techniques like tie-dye or ombre effects can yield stunning results and are surprisingly easy to do.
- Simplicity in Alterations: Even slight changes, like altering the length of a skirt or adding slits, can augment mobility and comfort.
Being hands-on with your costume allows for creativity and can result in a completely one-of-a-kind piece.
Incorporating Cultural Elements
In essence, belly dance is a celebration of diverse cultures. As you personalize your costume, considering cultural elements can infuse depth and richness into your ensemble. Each region has its traditional motifs and colors, reflecting its history and values. Incorporating these elements can not only honor those traditions but also deepen your connection to the art form.
For instance, you might want to:
- Select patterns that are significant in your culture, such as geometric designs or floral motifs.
- Use colors that symbolize different facets of life like red for joy, blue for tranquility, etc.
This approach transforms your costume into a piece of storytelling, resonating with your audience and celebrating shared humanity. The richness of culture can significantly enhance not only your performance but also the emotional connection with the audience.
As you take the leap into personalizing your belly dance costume, remember that it should reflect both your style and the spirit of dance. Each choice you makeâfrom the accessories to cultural motifsâadds layers of meaning, turning a simple outfit into a powerful expression of art.
Costume Maintenance and Care
Taking good care of your belly dancing costume is not just about keeping it presentable; itâs about preserving the investment youâve made. Just like a fine wine, costumes tend to get better with age when theyâre properly maintained. This section will not only look at essential cleaning and storage steps but also delve into why these practices are paramount for every dancer.
The importance of proper maintenance also lies in the fact that a well-cared-for costume can inspire confidence during performances. A costume that feels fresh and intact boosts your spirit and enhances your dance. Likewise, from a practical standpoint, maintaining and storing your pieces correctly can prolong their lifespan, ultimately saving you money.
Cleaning Your Costume
Regular cleaning of your belly dancing costume is key to maintaining its allure. With beads, sequins, and delicate fabrics, you have to be mindful of how you clean them. Here are some practical steps to follow:
- Hand Wash Whenever Possible: Most of these costumes are best cared for through hand washing. Use cool water mixed with a gentle detergent. Simply submerge your costume and gently agitate the water without scrubbing too hard.
- Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Things like bleach can ruin the fabric and color of your costume. Sticking with mild soaps will protect the materials and design.
- Air Dry: After washing, lay your piece flat on a clean towel or hang it in a shaded area to dry. Avoid the dryer as the heat can damage embellishments and shrink fabrics.
Proper cleaning not only keeps your costume looking vibrant but also supports hygiene, which is crucial for any dancer.
Storage Tips to Preserve Quality
Storage plays a significant role in maintaining the quality of your costume. Improper storage can lead to damage, fading, or even unpleasant odors. Here are some streamlined tips for optimal preservation:
- Use Garment Bags: Invest in breathable garment bags designed for delicate clothing. These bags protect your costume from dust and possible damage while allowing airflow to prevent moisture buildup.
- Avoid Hangers: Instead of hanging your costume on a hanger, which can stretch and warp the fabric, consider folding it gently and laying it flat in a drawer or trunk.
- Keep Away from Direct Light: Store your costume in a cool, dark place to prevent fading and damage from sunlight.
- Regular Checks: Every so often, give your costume a quick inspection during storage. This helps catch any potential issues, like moth damage or discoloration, before they worsen.
Being mindful of these care and storage practices ensures that your costumes remain as enchanting as the dances you perform in them.
The Cultural Context of Belly Dancing Costumes
Belly dancing is not just an art form; itâs a vibrant tapestry weaving together rich cultures, traditions, and histories. The concern for affordable belly dancing costumes can often overlook the essential cultural roots of these garments. Understanding the cultural context is crucial, especially for enthusiasts and performers who wish to honor the lineage of belly dancing. Costumes are deeply intertwined with the very essence of this dance, reflecting its origins and the diverse influences that shape it today.
Delving into the cultural significance of costumes sheds light on their role beyond mere aesthetics. Costumes often serve as a medium for storytelling, allowing dancers to convey emotions and narratives through fabric, color, and movement. While a solid understanding of history provides insight, appreciating the nuances adds layers to the performance, creating a bridge between the past and the present. Athletes of expression can find depth in their work by recognizing how each costume choice resonates with the cultural identity they portray.
Additionally, as belly dancing garners global recognition, affordable costumes might bear influences from various cultural nuances. Thus, an awareness of these details can facilitate a more respectful approach to selecting or designing a costume, ensuring that one does not inadvertently commercialize or misrepresent cultural elements. Understanding the importance of the cultural context can assist dancers in making informed choices that adhere to traditions while expressing individuality.
"Costumes in belly dancing are not just for show; they're a way to connect with the history and stories of our ancestors."
Various cultural elements can affect the affordability of belly dancing costumes. For example, savvy dancers may decide to source materials or designs that honor traditional patterns, representing diverse cultural heritagesâfrom Middle Eastern to North African influences. This conscious choice can enhance the narrative of their performance and create a richer experience for viewers.
In summary, exploring the cultural context behind belly dancing costumes is a significant aspect that enriches the dancer's experience and interpretation of the performance. Not only does it encourage respect for the traditions, but it also works hand-in-hand with the pursuit of affordability, minimally sacrificing authenticity for cost efficiency.
Historical Evolution of Costumes
The evolution of belly dancing costumes traverses centuries and continents, shaped by the societies and regions where the dance thrived. The historical journey begins in the Middle East, where early dancers wore simple, flowing garments, often made from lightweight fabrics to allow for fluid movement. As the art form spread into North Africa and beyond, the costume designs evolved, each region infusing its cultural aesthetics into the garments.
In the early days, these outfits often drew from daily wear, mirroring the local attires. For instance, the use of full skirts and veils can be traced back to historical garments from Arab cultures. Over time, as belly dancing began to capture the interest of Western audiences, particularly during the late 19th and early 20th century, costumes took on more elaborate designs. The introduction of sequins, beads, and metallic fabrics created a dazzling spectacle that mesmerized audiences.
The rise of Hollywood and the global fascination with 'Exotic' performances brought further changes. Movie stars donned belly dance costumes, heavily stylized and sometimes far removed from their cultural origins, capturing a romanticized vision that was not entirely accurate. The impact of this exposure led to the commercialization of belly dancing attire, influencing modern costume styles while prompting a blend of traditional and contemporary elements.
As one delves into the history, it becomes evident how pivotal each period was in shaping the modern representations of belly dance costumes.
Symbolism in Costume Design
Costume design in belly dancing is not just about vibrant colors and intricate patterns; each element often holds a specific meaning. Symbols can offer profound insights into the culture, history, and even spiritual significance of the art form. For example, colors hold great importance in many culturesâred might symbolize passion and energy while blue often represents calmness and tranquility.
Moreover, adornments and embroidery can tell stories of their own. A costume featuring motifs from local folklore might resonate with the dancers' identities or pay homage to their heritage. Among many dancers, wearing a certain piece might invoke the spirit of their ancestors, encapsulating their history within a modern performance.
Emphasizing individual expression within the guidelines of cultural significance allows dancers to balance originality with respect. Understanding the circumstances that shaped a particular design or color can empower dancers to make choices that contribute to their narrative, further enhancing the storytelling aspect of their performance.
Closure
Belly dancing costumes are not just fabric draped over a torso; they represent a vibrant culture, passion, and dedication to the art of dance. This article has emphasized that finding affordable options does not mean sacrificing quality or style. Instead, dancers can embrace their unique expressions while being friendly to their wallets. Understanding the varied fabrics, their significance, and the cultural context behind these outfits equips enthusiasts with the knowledge to make informed choices.
Costumes crafted from cotton, satin, and sequined fabrics each possess distinct characteristics that can enhance performance. By exploring where to buyâwhether from online retailers, local shops, or thrift storesâdancers gain flexibility in their shopping journey, enhancing their chances of discovering treasures that reflect their personal styles. Furthermore, the emphasis on personalizing costumes through unique accessories and alterations showcases the opportunity for individual expression.
Maintaining and caring for these costumes ensures they remain as stunning as the day theyâre purchased. By investing in proper maintenance, dancers can extend the lifespan of their ensembles, which ultimately plays a role in cost-effectiveness.
"Embrace the art of belly dancing with costumes that sing your story without breaking the bank."
This concluding segment also serves as a reminder that the world of belly dancing costuming offers vast potential for exploration and creativity. Giving attention to cultural elements and historical symbolism only enriches the experience. In short, affordable options in belly dancing costumes are abundant, and with the right knowledge and a little imagination, anyone can shimmy their way into this enchanting realm.
Recap of Key Points
- Understanding the Importance: Costumes hold historical and cultural significance, bridging the gap between tradition and modernity.
- Affordability: Dancers can find quality costumes without spending a fortune by exploring various materials and shopping venues.
- Personalization: Unique touches, from accessories to alterations, allow individual styles to shine while maintaining affordability.
- Costume Care: Proper cleaning and storage methods extend the life of costumes, making them a worthwhile investment.
- Exploration and Creativity: The diverse world of belly dancing outfits is a canvas for artistic exploration and cultural appreciation.
Encouragement to Explore and Experiment
As this guide comes to an end, I hope it ignites a spark of curiosity in belly dancers and enthusiasts alike. Dive into different fabric types, and don't shy away from practical experimentation. Mixing and matching various costume elements can lead to stunning results and truly personalized looks. It's important to remember that belly dancing is about expression and connection, not only with the dance itself but also with your attire.
Don't hesitate to visit a local thrift store for hidden gems or scour online marketplaces for budget-friendly finds. If your creative juices are flowing, try your hand at dyeing or altering inexpensive fabrics for costumes that are uniquely yours. Whatever approach you take, the key is to have fun while exploring the various facets of belly dancing costumes.
In the end, itâs this adventurous spirit that breathes life into the dance. So, lace up those sequined shoes and move forward into the world of belly dancing, equipped with the knowledge to make your costume journey both stylish and economical.
